The process of transferring the thermal load of the building to the subsoil and vice versa is done through a device called a geothermal heat pump.
Geothermal heat pumps are machines that direct the heat instead of the address that would follow naturally, that compels to be directed by a cold medium to another warmer. Heat pumps are nothing more than devices that operate like joint refrigerators (Rafferty, 1997). Any refrigeration device (air-condition, refrigerator, freezer, etc.) moves heat from a space that should remain at low temperature and releases it at higher temperatures. The only difference of the heat pump from a cooling unit located in the reversible operation of geothermal heat pumps is that their ability to provide both cooling and heating the room.
During winter, the water and glycol mixture circulating in the ground heat exchanger circuit absorbs energy from the ground, which is led to the evaporator of Geothermal Heat Pumps which binds. Through the evaporator heat is transferred to the coolant pump (formula R-410A, environmentally friendly) which is converted from liquid to gas. The refrigerant, which moves in a closed circuit, passing through the compressor and is compressed to increase the pressure and temperature. Then, driven to the condenser where it eliminates all the heat that has been stored in the water circuit of the premises. The refrigerant is transferred to the expansion valve and expands to return to the evaporator to repeat the same process.
This process can be reversed in the summer, so Geothermal Heat Pumps dissipate heat from the building - or provide heating / cooling to it - and the channel in the subsurface through the heat exchanger.
Geothermal heat pumps produce temperatures of the order of 5 to 60oC. They are specially designed for floor heating applications, giving the prerequisite temperatures of 35 to 48oC, and cooling or cooling (7 to 18oC) ensuring high efficiency (COP up to 6.5) with the lowest consumption. For each kilowatt of electricity used by the compressor, produced about 6,5 KW heat depending on the plant configuration. This system, saving more than 70% on heating bills compared to traditional systems and in combination with the lower cost of maintenance and cleaning. With The use of Geothermal Heat Pumps does not need boiler. The heat pump is sufficient by itself to provide sufficient heating energy, even in possible cold. At the same time, can provide hot water at any time (winter and summer, day and night). Also suitable for geothermal system requested pool heating using a special stainless exchanger pool.
